What Treatment Modality is Right for Me?

Guiding our team through the diverse and expanding terrain of trauma treatment is one of our highest priorities at Green Mountain Counseling. Our vision is to serve each client’s experiential and safety needs while offering cutting edge treatment that is evidence-informed and effective. We offer several various modalities at Green Mountain Counseling. There’s no one-size-fits-all! Our therapists use their extensive knowledge, plus conversation with an individual, to decide what modalities might be a good fit for them. Here, we’ve assembled a survey of the modalities we utilize most often.

EMDR focuses on bilateral stimulation (typically through eye movements) to reprocess traumatic memories. It’s an eight-phase approach that helps clients process distressing memories and integrate them without the emotional charge. EMDR is particularly evidence-based and widely used in trauma work, but it can be intense, requiring clients to directly engage with their traumatic memories.

Brainspotting focuses on identifying specific eye positions—referred to as "brainspots"—that correlate with stored trauma. This modality is more flexible than EMDR, allowing for a deep, client-led exploration of trauma without necessarily recounting the details of the traumatic event. It can feel less structured, but offers a more somatic, body-centered approach to healing.

Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART) shares similarities with EMDR, using eye movements to help reprocess trauma. However, ART is shorter-term and less focused on the client fully revisiting the traumatic experience. It incorporates imagery rescripting, allowing clients to rewrite distressing scenes in a way that gives them a sense of mastery over their trauma. ART can be an excellent choice for those seeking quicker results or who may struggle with traditional trauma recall.

Narrative Therapy shifts the focus to the stories clients tell about themselves and their experiences. This talk therapy method invites clients to reframe their trauma within a broader context, helping them separate their identity from their traumatic experience. It’s less directive and more exploratory, making it ideal for clients who benefit from a strengths-based, meaning-making approach.

Parts Work, often associated with Internal Family Systems (IFS), views the mind as composed of different parts, each holding distinct emotions and memories. Trauma work in Parts Work involves helping clients understand and integrate their wounded, vulnerable parts with their core Self. This modality is deeply validating and can be especially effective with clients who experience dissociation or complex trauma.

Neurofeedback, a non-invasive brain training technique, focuses on regulating the nervous system by giving clients real-time feedback on brainwave activity. While it doesn’t involve direct trauma processing, it is useful in preparing clients for trauma work by stabilizing emotional responses and improving brain functioning. Neurofeedback can complement other modalities, particularly for clients with complex trauma or dysregulation.

Finally, a peak behind the door of our counseling rooms, professional conversations, and what is now in broader culture: psychedelics and integration work. Treatments such as psilocybin or MDMA can catalyze profound insights and emotional release, but their true healing potential often depends on how those experiences are integrated. Integration helps clients process the emotions, memories, and insights that arise during their psychedelic journey, turning these revelations into lasting change. Therapists may incorporate modalities such as EMDR, Parts Work, or Narrative Therapy to ground these experiences, allowing clients to make sense of their trauma in a safe, structured way.

The Green Mountain providers have different levels of experience and training in these modalities. We are proud to offer the range of possibilities for healing for our clients and community and will continue to grow into these spaces.

What trauma work are you familiar with? What questions do you have? We love having conversations about these things and would love to connect with you.

We are Trauma-Wise 

Here at Green Mountain, our counselors commit to being trauma-wise. To unpack this, we first need to define trauma. 

It is estimated that around 70% of adults across the world have endured at least one traumatic event. Examples of traumatic events include but are not limited to: 

  • Childhood abuse or neglect

  • Exposure to death

  • Grief and loss

  • Injury

  • Natural disasters

  • Sexual/ emotional/ physical violence or abuse

  • Life-threatening illnesses

These events may lead to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is characterized by symptoms like:

  •  intrusive memories

  •  fear and avoidance

  • increased arousal symptoms due to memories and triggers of traumatic events

  • negative alterations in cognitions and mood. 

Experiencing trauma may or may not lead to PTSD. However, even if your trauma does not lead to this disorder, it can be highly distressing to your life or daily functioning. Beyond the above examples of traumatic events, many of us have experienced what are called “little t traumas” - a breakup, loss of a pet, experiencing bullying, job loss or rejection, personal esteem issues, or other overwhelming emotional experiences. Although these little-t traumas do not fit into a formal definition of trauma, these events may still cause intense distress to the mind, emotions, and body.

In general, trauma overwhelms the nervous system, causes feelings of helplessness, despair, agitation, horror, and fear, and may lead to negative symptoms such as stomach or back pain, emotional swings and outbursts, substance abuse, overeating, and nightmares or flashbacks. 

If you find yourself feeling stuck, unsure how to cope with debilitating emotions or physical symptoms, and perhaps feeling hijacked by your emotions, you may be experiencing the impacts of trauma. No matter how big or small your pain is, you are worthy and deserving of healing and restoration. Trauma does not have the last word: there are several research-proven and effective ways to treat trauma that can lead to hope and change. 

Therapies for Trauma:

Often in trauma treatment, traditional talk therapy is not effective, as this type of therapy relies on cognitive processing. Trauma is stored in the body, and it leaves impacts that people cannot always consciously or cognitively process talk through. Instead of talk therapy, body-based modalities that can help reprocess and release trauma. 

EMDR: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a research-based approach which allows clients to relieve traumatic events and reprocess the feelings, thoughts, and bodily sensations associated with the trauma. This approach is structured and relies on the establishment of a positive therapist-client relationship, relaxation techniques, and stabilization for the client to then re-experience the trauma. During EMDR, the client will follow the therapist’s fingers along the horizontal axis. This process allows clients to experience long-lasting emotional healing and release. 

SE: Somatic Experiencing (SE) is a body-based approach that focuses on resolving psychophysiological symptoms. Rather than focusing on cognitive, thinking-based experiences, SE focuses on a clients’ internal sensations. Through the process of building awareness of the arousal caused by trauma, clients can begin to reduce this arousal through tolerating, accepting, and identifying their bodily, emotional, and physical traumatic responses. As a whole, this therapy style helps build resilience and self-regulation. Clients do not have to relive their traumatic memories, as this approach is indirect, gentle, and gradual. In practice, SE may look like observing shifts in breathing, posture, checking in on feelings of lightness, heaviness, or dizziness, and employing breathing or grounding exercises throughout therapy.

BSP: Brainspotting (BSP) is a brain-wise and body-aware relational attunement process. BSP is a focused treatment method that works by identifying, processing, and releasing core sources of emotional/body pain, trauma, dissociation and other challenging symptoms. BSP employs the visual field to find eye positions which correlate with emotional or physiological experience. Simply put, a BSP therapist will guide clients to find eye positions that correlate with what the client wants to process. From this eye position, the client practices focused mindfulness. This type of body-based processing leads to healing within the non-verbal, non-cognitive portions of the brain (the subcortical brain). Clients may experience a release from BSP, as the brain is being healed at a deep level. 


Trauma-Wise versus Trauma-Informed

Trauma-informed is a common buzzword in the realm of therapy. Generally, this phrase means:

  • Understanding of how trauma shows up in individuals, communities, and families

  • Recognizing the signs and symptoms of trauma

  • Cultivating a sensitivity to not re-traumatize individuals in their counseling journey


Here at Green Mountain Counseling, we prefer the term, “Trauma-Wise”. To us, trauma-wise means the following:

  • Continually growing our knowledge and understanding of trauma through reading, lectures, and trainings

  • Not just having tools for trauma, but discerning the timing and type of tool to use for each client

  • Normalizing our clients’ symptoms and casting a vision for hope and health

  • Placing less emphasis on labels or diagnoses, and rather using trauma-wise as a lens to understand why clients may have the emotions and reactions they do in any given situation

As a whole, wisdom implies that we are always growing, rather than assuming we have arrived. As trauma-wise therapists, we have a deep respect for our clients and their stories, and put immense care into being client-centered. 


Sources:

http://files.constantcontact.com/621c30b3101/138239cb-cad8-4167-9198-e89e8db7c32f.pdf

https://rockymountainbrainspottinginstitute.com///wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Effective-treatments-for-generalized-anxiety-disorder.pdf

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2021.1929023

The Cycle of Anxiety

Anxiety manifests throughout the body in many ways: you may experience tightness in your shoulders or jaw, shallowing breathing, a feeling of dread and restlessness, the inability to stop circulating thought patterns, and so on. Many of us have not been taught how to cope with the intense feelings of anxiety, so we pull out our best stop: avoidance. Although avoidance works wonders at alleviating anxiety in the immediate, short-term, it ends up causing further damage down the road. Thus, the road to anxiety alleviation is not avoidance, but rather facing our fears.

To illustrate this cycle, I’ll use the example of a fictional case: we will look at Sarah, who deals with social anxiety. Although Sarah longs for connection and close friendships, she finds herself feeling dread, self-doubt, and a negative internal dialogue whenever she tries to meet up with new people. One week, she works up the courage to text a friend to hang out. However, in the days and hours leading up to the hangout, she feels immense anxiety. Eventually, she decides to text her friend that she is feeling under the weather and cancels. Sarah is instantly relieved to have avoided this anxiety-provoking situation. However, she is still left without the level of friendships she desires, as well as an increased anxiety about social interactions in general. 

This experience highlights something called the Cycle of Anxiety. In this cycle, you first feel anxiety, which then leads to avoidance– a temporary alleviation of that anxiety. However, this avoidance strategy communicates to your brain that the original stimuli was indeed to be feared. In the long-term, your brain reinforces the anxiety, causing anxiety to grow rather than decrease. 

Avoidance in essence is a maladaptive coping strategy resulting in the cycle: anxiety, avoidance, relief from avoidance, and then increased anxiety. One way to disrupt this cycle is to intentionally expose yourself to your anxiety. Using the previous scenario, if your anxiety is around social settings, you could expose yourself to your fear through avenues such as inviting a friend to coffee, talking to a barista, and working your way up to more stress-inducing situations.

By choosing to face your fears, you will feel an increase in anxiety at first, but overtime, you will learn to implement new coping skills and to trust that you truly are capable of dealing with your fears. The goal in this exercise is to face rather than avoid your fear, thereby helping your brain to stop reinforcing the anxiety response.  The goal in this exercise is to face rather than avoid your fear, thereby helping your brain to stop reinforcing the anxiety response. This technique is often used in anxiety-related disorders such as OCD, phobias, and social anxiety disorder, but can be expanded to many other anxiety-producing situations.

Growing Self-Compassion

For many people, the old adage, “You are your own worst enemy” rings unfortunately true. You may find your thoughts circulating back to a self-defeating pattern in which you blame yourself and see all of your shortcomings. This pattern of self-criticism may lead to various mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, emotional shut-down, avoidance, and low self-esteem. It is difficult and frustrating to stay in this loop, but thankfully there are strategies to cope with this dilemma. Here are a few techniques to try to work through your mindset:

ONE: PRACTICE SELF-COMPASSION

A helpful first step to healing is paying close attention to your thoughts. Say that you make a small blunder at work and your boss corrects you: what is your initial reaction? What kinds of thoughts do you have about yourself after this situation? Times of stress, confusion, or emotional intensity may reveal your default thought patterns, which may either be self-compassionate or self-critical. It can be helpful even to write down the types of thoughts you tell yourself. Building awareness around these automatic thoughts can help you then change your internal dialogue, allowing you to grow in self-compassion.


TWO: EXPLORE THE ORIGIN OF YOUR SELF-CRITIC

Either in therapy or in your own processing, practicing curiosity is key. If you have a lot of insecurity around your looks, for example, explore where this may have come from. What sorts of messages did you receive from parents, peers, and the media growing up around body image? We are shaped by our early experiences, so it makes sense that you may carry around disapproving voices from early on. 



THREE: CONNECT WITH YOUR INNER CHILD

For many of us, shame and self-criticism developed from an early age and we have years of experiencing a self-shaming narrative. To change this narrative, practice connecting with your childhood self. Think of a time in your childhood that was particularly important, impactful, or challenging. It might be helpful to select a picture of yourself from this time period and print it out or make it your phone screensaver. Whenever you notice yourself speaking harshly to yourself, look at the picture of you as a child. What are your feelings towards this child? Can you feel compassion for this child? This exercise can help you grow compassion for yourself both in the past as well as the present, as you carry your child self in the present.


FOUR: CHALLENGE YOUR THINKING

The last route for coping with negative self-talk is to take a Cognitive-Behavioral route in which you can challenge your own thinking. You might notice negative self-talk such as “I am such an idiot; I can never do anything right”. Take a moment to stop and put the negative thought on trial: what are all the pieces of evidence that support your thought? What are all the pieces of evidence that go against your thought? Once you list the evidence for and against your negative thought, you can then decide if you’d like to replace it with a new one. For example, you may realize that you actually do a lot of things well in your life and yet are very hard on yourself for making small mistakes. The alternative to “I’m such an idiot for messing things up” would then become something like, “Everyone makes mistakes, and this small mistake does not say anything about my worth or identity”. 


Choose one of these avenues to practice self-compassion this week and pay attention to how your self-talk starts to change!